Recharge

Recharge refers to the replenishment of energy, resources, or capabilities. The term is used across a range of fields, including electrical energy storage, water resources, and financial services.

Battery recharge: Recharging a rechargeable battery involves applying electrical energy to restore its stored chemical energy. Common battery chemistries include lithium-ion, nickel-metal hydride, and lead-acid. Charging is typically performed with circuits that regulate current and voltage, often starting with a constant current phase and transitioning to a constant voltage phase until a termination criterion is met. Proper charging helps protect battery health and extend cycle life; excessive heat or overcharging can reduce performance and longevity.

Groundwater recharge: In hydrology, recharge is the process by which water from precipitation, surface water, or artificial sources infiltrates the soil and percolates down to replenish aquifers. Recharge rates depend on climate, soil properties, vegetation, land use, and human activities. It is a critical component of aquifer sustainability and water-resource management. Artificial recharge methods include recharge ponds, infiltration basins, and aquifer storage and recovery schemes.

Recharge in finance and telecommunications: In prepaid services, recharge refers to adding funds to a prepaid account or card, enabling continued service use. The term is commonly used for topping up mobile phones, transportation cards, or digital wallets in various markets.