Ravintorasvat

Ravintorasvat, often translated as nutritional fats, are a broad category of organic compounds essential for human health. They are a primary source of energy for the body, providing more calories per gram than carbohydrates or proteins. Beyond energy, fats play crucial roles in nutrient absorption, particularly for fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. They are also vital for cell membrane structure, hormone production, and insulation to maintain body temperature.

Fats are broadly classified into saturated and unsaturated fats. Saturated fats, typically found in animal products like butter and meat, are solid at room temperature. Unsaturated fats, commonly found in plant oils, nuts, and seeds, are generally liquid at room temperature and are further divided into monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats. Polyunsaturated fats include essential fatty acids like omega-3 and omega-6, which the body cannot produce on its own and must obtain from the diet.

Trans fats are a type of unsaturated fat that has been altered through a process called hydrogenation, often found in processed foods. While they can extend shelf life and improve texture, they are widely considered unhealthy and are linked to an increased risk of heart disease. A balanced diet emphasizes unsaturated fats while limiting saturated and trans fats. The recommended intake of fat varies by age and activity level, but a general guideline suggests that fats should constitute 20-35% of daily caloric intake.