Ravinne

Ravinne is the Finnish term for nutrients, the substances that organisms must obtain to sustain life, support growth and enable normal functioning. Nutrients include organic compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats, as well as inorganic elements, vitamins and water. They are present in the diet or produced by metabolism and are required in varying amounts throughout life.

Macronutrients are needed in relatively large amounts and provide energy or serve as structural materials. In humans, the main macronutrients are carbohydrates (fuel), proteins (building and repairing tissues and enzymes) and fats (dense energy and essential fatty acids). Water is also essential and consumed in large quantities. Dietary fiber is often discussed alongside carbohydrates for its health effects but is not digested for energy.

Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals required in smaller amounts but are crucial for metabolism, immunity and overall health. They act as cofactors in biochemical reactions and help regulate growth, development and reproduction. Deficiencies or excesses of micronutrients can lead to health problems.

Sources and intake: a varied diet from plant and animal foods generally provides Ravinne in balance. Bioavailability describes how well a nutrient is absorbed and used, influenced by the food matrix, preparation and interactions (for example, vitamin C can enhance iron absorption; phytates can reduce mineral absorption). Dietary guidelines tailor intakes to age, sex, activity and health conditions.

In nutrition science, Ravinne concepts are reflected in reference values and labeling practices. They inform public health recommendations, medical nutrition therapy and educational materials aimed at promoting adequate and safe nutrient intake.