Radiofarmasøytiske

Radiofarmasøytiske, also known as radiopharmaceuticals or radiotracers, are radioactive drugs used in nuclear medicine. They consist of a radioactive isotope (radionuclide) attached to a biologically active molecule. This molecule targets specific tissues, organs, or physiological processes in the body. When administered, the radiopharmaceutical accumulates in the target area, and its radioactivity is detected by external imaging devices such as gamma cameras or PET scanners. This allows for the visualization and quantification of biological functions, aiding in the diagnosis, staging, and management of various diseases, particularly cancer and cardiovascular conditions.

The choice of radionuclide and targeting molecule depends on the specific application. Radionuclides commonly used include Technetium-99m (Tc-99m), Iodine-131 (I-131), Gallium-68 (Ga-68), and Fluorine-18 (F-18). The targeting molecules can be various substances like antibodies, peptides, glucose analogs, or phosphonates. For example, F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is used in PET imaging to detect areas of high metabolic activity, often indicative of tumors. I-131 is used to treat thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism.

The production of radiopharmaceuticals is a specialized field requiring strict quality control due to their radioactive nature. They are typically prepared in nuclear pharmacies or radiopharmacies shortly before use, as many radionuclides have short half-lives, meaning their radioactivity decays rapidly. Safety protocols are paramount during handling, administration, and disposal to protect both patients and healthcare professionals from radiation exposure.