Radialislähmung

Radialislähmung, also known as radial nerve palsy or wrist drop, is a condition characterized by weakness or paralysis of the muscles in the forearm and hand that are innervated by the radial nerve. This nerve originates in the neck and travels down the arm, branching out to control extension of the wrist and fingers, as well as supination of the forearm.

The most common cause of radial nerve palsy is compression or stretching of the nerve. This can occur due to prolonged pressure on the nerve, such as sleeping in an awkward position ("Saturday night palsy" or "honeymoon palsy"), or from direct trauma like a fracture of the humerus (the bone in the upper arm). Other causes include overuse injuries, certain medical conditions like diabetes, and infections.

Symptoms typically include an inability to extend the wrist and fingers, leading to a characteristic drooping of the hand. Difficulty with fine motor skills, such as gripping objects or turning doorknobs, is also common. Sensory deficits, such as numbness or tingling, may occur on the back of the hand and thumb, although motor symptoms are usually more prominent.

Diagnosis is usually made based on a physical examination and assessment of muscle strength and sensation. Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies can help confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of nerve damage.

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity. For mild cases caused by compression, rest, avoidance of the offending activity, and anti-inflammatory medications may be sufficient. Splinting to support the wrist and prevent contractures is often recommended. Physical therapy plays a crucial role in maintaining muscle strength and function. In severe cases, surgery may be considered to relieve nerve compression or repair nerve damage. Most patients experience significant recovery, though the timeline can vary from weeks to months.