Rabs

Rabs is a term used to refer to multiple concepts in different fields. In cell biology, Rabs (Rab GTPases) are a large family of small GTP-binding proteins that regulate vesicular trafficking in eukaryotic cells. They function as molecular switches, cycling between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state. Localization to specific membranes is governed by regulatory proteins such as GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors), GAPs (GTPase-activating proteins), and GDIs (GDP-dissociation inhibitors). Once active, Rab proteins recruit effector proteins that control vesicle budding, motility, tethering, and fusion, thereby guiding transport between organelles and within the endomembrane system. Distinct Rabs associate with particular compartments; for example, Rab5 is linked to early endosomes, Rab7 to late endosomes and lysosomes, and Rab11 to recycling endosomes. Disruptions in Rab function have been implicated in various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and certain cancers, reflecting their central role in cellular organization.

In other contexts, RABS refers to Restricted Access Barrier Systems, a technology used in aseptic pharmaceutical and biotech manufacturing. RABS provide a physical barrier between operators and sterile products, typically using cleanroom-grade barriers, gloves, and validated airflow to reduce contamination risk. They complement or replace traditional open-manufacturing setups and are often used alongside isolators. RABS systems require qualification, routine cleaning, environmental monitoring, and maintenance to ensure ongoing biosafety and product quality.