RGBSubpixel

RGBSubpixel, often written as RGB subpixel, refers to the individual red, green, and blue components that make up a single pixel in many display technologies. Each subpixel modulates light through its color filter (LCD) or its light-emitting element (OLED), and the combination of their intensities determines the perceived color of the pixel.

In most LCDs and OLED panels, subpixels are arranged in a repeating RGB pattern, often as vertical stripes corresponding to R, G, and B. A pixel's color is produced by setting the brightness of its three subpixels; the human eye blends them to form a wide range of colors.

Subpixel rendering is a technique that uses the physical subpixel grid to increase the effective resolution for text and fine details. By aligning typography with the subpixel rows, displays can render sharper edges than the nominal pixel grid would suggest. However, this can introduce color fringing if the viewer's gaze or display scaling differs from the intended pattern.

Variations in subpixel geometry exist. The standard RGB stripe is common, but some displays use PenTile or other arrangements that share subpixels between adjacent pixels, which can alter perceived sharpness and color reproduction at certain sizes.

Manufacturing-wise, RGB subpixels in LCDs arise from colored filters placed over the liquid crystal layer. In OLEDs, red, green, and blue emitters form the subpixels. In either case, driver electronics control the three subpixel intensities to render the intended image.

In display production, subpixel considerations affect color calibration, resolution definitions, and rendering software. Content rendering engines may apply subpixel-aware techniques to optimize legibility without sacrificing color fidelity.