Põletikukud

Põletikukud, also known as inflammatory nodules, are localized swellings that can occur in various tissues throughout the body. They are characterized by the presence of inflammatory cells, such as lymphocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, which accumulate in response to an underlying cause. The size and appearance of põletikukud can vary widely, ranging from small, palpable lumps to larger, more visible masses. Their formation is a protective mechanism, intended to isolate and neutralize harmful agents or to initiate the healing process.

The causes of põletikukud are diverse and can include infections, autoimmune diseases, foreign body reactions, or trauma. For instance, bacterial or fungal infections can trigger the formation of these nodules as the body attempts to contain the invading pathogens. In autoimmune conditions, the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, leading to chronic inflammation and the development of põletikukud. Similarly, if a foreign object is introduced into the body, an inflammatory response may encapsulate it, forming a nodule.

Diagnosis of põletikukud typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and often imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI. In some cases, a biopsy may be necessary to determine the exact nature and cause of the inflammation, allowing for targeted treatment. Treatment strategies depend on the underlying etiology and may include antibiotics for infections, immunosuppressive drugs for autoimmune diseases, or surgical removal if the nodule is causing significant symptoms or is suspected to be malignant. The prognosis for põletikukud is generally good when the underlying cause is effectively managed.