Pénélopes

Pénélopes is a genus of moths belonging to the family Erebidae. This genus is primarily found in the Palearctic region, with most species inhabiting Europe and Asia. The moths are generally medium-sized, with a wingspan typically ranging from 25 to 40 millimeters. Their coloration is often cryptic, with mottled patterns of brown, gray, and black that help them camouflage against tree bark and leaf litter.

The larvae of Pénélopes moths are polyphagous, meaning they feed on a variety of plant species. Common host plants include oak, birch, and willow trees. The caterpillars are often hairy or spiny, providing a defense against predators. Pupation occurs in a cocoon spun from silk, usually found at the base of host plants or among debris on the ground.

Adult Pénélopes moths are nocturnal and are often attracted to light traps. Their flight period generally occurs during the summer months. While some species within the genus are widespread, others have more restricted distributions, making them potentially vulnerable to habitat loss and environmental changes. Research into the specific ecological roles and conservation status of individual Pénélopes species is ongoing, contributing to a better understanding of these often overlooked insects.