Päähihnasta

Päähihnasta, also known as "head lice," are small, wingless insects that belong to the family Pediculidae. They are ectoparasites, meaning they live on the skin and feed on human blood. Päähihnasta are typically found on the scalp, but they can also infest other parts of the body such as the pubic area, eyebrows, and eyelashes. The most common species affecting humans is Pediculus humanus capitis.

The life cycle of päähihnasta consists of four stages: egg, nymph, adult, and dead. Eggs are laid on the hair shaft near the scalp and hatch into nymphs after about 7-10 days. Nymphs molt twice before becoming adults, which can take around 7-10 days. Adults live for about 30 days and can lay up to 10 eggs per day. The entire life cycle can be completed in about 30-40 days.

Päähihnasta infestations are typically spread through direct contact with an infected person. They can also be transmitted through shared personal items such as combs, brushes, or hats. Symptoms of päähihnasta infestation include itching, especially at night, and visible lice or nits (lice eggs) in the hair. Treatment options include over-the-counter and prescription medications, as well as manual removal. Prevention involves regular combing of the hair, washing bedding and clothing in hot water, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals.