Puudustega

Puudustega is a term used to describe people who have impairments that may be physical, sensory, intellectual, or mental health-related and who encounter barriers to full participation in society. The concept encompasses a wide range of experiences and is often discussed through different models. The medical model view focuses on the impairment itself, while the social model emphasizes environmental and societal barriers that restrict participation. Modern disability discourse tends to combine these perspectives, highlighting the interaction between individuals and their surroundings.

International and national policies aim to protect the rights of people with disabilities. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) promotes inclusion, equality, autonomy, and participation in all areas of life. Many countries implement laws that prohibit discrimination, require reasonable accommodations, and set accessibility standards for buildings, transportation, and digital services. Education, employment, health care, housing, and social services are common focus areas for improving equal opportunity.

Societal participation for people with disabilities often depends on removing barriers. Accessible infrastructure, assistive technologies, and accessible information are crucial for everyday life, work, and civic engagement. Attitudes and awareness also play a significant role in reducing stigma and promoting inclusion. Support services, such as individualized planning, personal assistance, and supported decision-making, help people with disabilities exercise choice and independence.

Terminology in disability discourse emphasizes respect and autonomy. Many prefer person-first language (a person with a disability), while some communities advocate for identity-first language depending on context and personal preference. The overall aim is equal rights, independent living, and full participation in society for people with disabilities.