Putzes

Putzes refers to plaster coatings applied to walls and ceilings, used for protection, insulation, and surface finish. In English-language contexts, the term is usually rendered as plaster coatings or plasters; Putzes is the plural form in German-speaking architectural terminology.

The term encompasses a range of binder systems and textures. Common types include lime putz (Kalkputz), cementitious putz (Zementputz), and lime-cement putz (Kalkzementputz). Gypsum plaster (Gipsputz) is widely used for interior walls, offering a smooth, bright finish. In exterior applications, mineral-based plasters, often combined with polymers for improved durability, are used. Synthetic plasters (Kunststoffputz) and silicone- or silicate-based options provide weather resistance and different aesthetic options. Plasters may include additives to enhance adhesion, flexibility, or moisture handling.

Application typically involves substrate preparation, installation of a base layer (Unterputz) to level and bond to the wall, and a finish layer (Oberputz) that determines texture. Finishes vary from smooth to rough textures, such as Rauputz (roughcast) or Feinputz (fine plaster). Exterior plaster systems are frequently used with insulation layers in modern construction, forming part of a Wärmedämmverbundsystem (WDVS) for thermal performance.

Historically, Putzes have been used since ancient times and remain common in both restoration and new construction. Lime putz is valued for breathability and humidity regulation, while cementitious and synthetic plasters offer greater strength and weather resistance for exterior surfaces. Maintenance typically involves repairing cracks and reapplying worn finishes to preserve protective function and appearance.