Pterididae

Pterididae is a family of ferns that is part of the order Pteridales. They are one of the three most ancient groups of ferns and can be found on every continent. Pterididae are mostly terrestrial plants and are characterized by their indusium and the jointing of their rachides.

Pterididae have a worldwide distribution and are found in a variety of habitats. They are commonly found in moist and tropical climates, but also grow in temperate regions with suitable conditions. The family includes around 75 species, which are divided into several genera. One of the most well-known genera in this family is Acrostichum, which includes several species of sympodial ferns.

Members of the family Pterididae exhibit a variety of characteristics, including the presence of an indusium, a saucer-like or kidney-shaped structure that covers the sori (spore-bearing organs) on the underside of the leaves. This is a unique feature among ferns. Pterididae also exhibit jointing in the rachides (the stalks that support the leaves), which is an adaptation for movement and light absorption.

Pterididae are also known for their habitat specificity. Many species of Pterididae are found in coastal regions and can thrive in salt-tolerant conditions. They often dominate in mangrove forests and provide important ecological roles. Despite their adaptability, Pterididae are affected by human activities, such as deforestation and habitat destruction, which can lead to a decline in populations and diversity of species within the family.