Proteles

Proteles is a genus of small carnivorans in the family Hyaenidae. It is monotypic, containing the sole living species Proteles cristatus, commonly known as the aardwolf.

The aardwolf has a broad distribution in eastern and southern Africa, occupying savannas, open woodlands, and other arid to semi-arid habitats where termite populations are plentiful. It tends to avoid dense forests and deserts.

Unlike other hyenas, the aardwolf is primarily insectivorous, feeding almost exclusively on termites. It has a long, sticky tongue for termite gathering, reduced dentition, and strong forelimbs for digging into termite mounds. Its pale yellowish-gray fur may bear faint dark markings, and a mane along the back can be erected when threatened.

The animal is mainly nocturnal and solitary or found in small family groups. It marks territory with scent secretions and typically breeds year-round in suitable areas. Gestation lasts about three months, and litters usually consist of two to four cubs, which remain in the den for several weeks.

Proteles cristatus is the only extant species in the genus Proteles. The common name aardwolf comes from Afrikaans, meaning "earth wolf," though it is unrelated to true wolves. The species is listed by the IUCN as Least Concern due to its wide distribution and presumed large population; local declines can occur with habitat alteration or changes in termite prey.