Proteiinilääke

Proteiinilääke, known scientifically as biopharmaceutical or biologic drug, refers to a medication derived from or manufactured using living organisms. These are typically complex molecules, most commonly proteins, that are produced through biotechnological processes. Unlike traditional small-molecule drugs synthesized chemically, protein drugs are made in living cells, such as bacteria, yeast, or mammalian cells, which are genetically engineered to produce the desired therapeutic protein.

The therapeutic proteins can include antibodies, enzymes, hormones, and growth factors. These drugs are designed to target specific biological pathways or molecules in the body, making them highly specific and often effective in treating complex diseases. Common applications for protein drugs include autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease, cancer, diabetes, and various genetic disorders. Examples of well-known protein drugs include insulin for diabetes, monoclonal antibodies for cancer treatment, and erythropoietin for anemia.

The production of protein drugs is a complex and costly process, involving cell culture, purification, and rigorous quality control to ensure safety and efficacy. Due to their large molecular size and complex structure, they are often administered via injection or infusion, as they cannot be taken orally. Protein drugs represent a significant advancement in medicine, offering new treatment options for previously intractable diseases.