Propüleenioksiidi

Propüleenioksiidi, also known as 1,2-epoksipropeeni or metyylioksiraani, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C3H6O. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor. Propüleenioksiidi is a cyclic ether, specifically an epoxide, characterized by a three-membered ring containing one oxygen atom and two carbon atoms. This strained ring structure makes it highly reactive.

The primary industrial use of propüleenioksiidi is as a precursor in the production of polyether polyols. These polyols are essential components in the manufacture of polyurethane foams, which find widespread applications in furniture, bedding, automotive parts, and insulation. Propüleenioksiidi is also used to produce propylene glycol, a humectant and solvent used in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, as well as in antifreeze solutions. Other derivatives include propylene glycol ethers, which serve as solvents in paints, coatings, and cleaning products.

Propüleenioksiidi is typically produced commercially through the chlorohydrin process or by direct oxidation of propylene. The chlorohydrin process involves reacting propylene with chlorine and water, followed by dehydrochlorination. The direct oxidation method, often using organic hydroperoxides, is considered more environmentally friendly. Due to its reactivity, propüleenioksiidi is flammable and can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.