Prolixin

Prolixin is a brand name for fluphenazine, a typical antipsychotic in the phenothiazine class. It acts as a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist in the central nervous system and is used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. It is available as oral tablets and as a long-acting injectable formulation (Prolixin Decanoate) for maintenance therapy.

Mechanism and use: By blocking dopamine receptors, fluphenazine helps reduce psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations. Like other typical antipsychotics, it carries a notable risk of extrapyramidal side effects and may be used for agitation in certain clinical settings under supervision.

Formulations and dosing: Oral fluphenazine is typically prescribed in small daily doses (for example, a few milligrams at a time) with adjustments based on response and tolerability. The long-acting injectable is administered by deep intramuscular injection every 2 to 4 weeks after stabilization on oral therapy or an equivalent regimen; dosing is individualized to the patient.

Side effects and safety: Common adverse effects include extrapyramidal symptoms (parkinsonism, dystonias, akathisia), sedation, dry mouth, constipation, and orthostatic hypotension. Tardive dyskinesia risk increases with long-term use. Serious but less common risks include neuroleptic malignant syndrome and QT interval prolongation. Use is cautioned in dementia-related psychosis in the elderly and during pregnancy or lactation; avoid or monitor closely in conditions with CNS depression or known hypersensitivity; alcohol should be avoided.