Prolapsi

Prolapsi is the plural form of prolapsus in medical Latin, used to refer to multiple prolapses. In clinical use, prolapsi describes the descent of an organ from its normal position due to weakening of its supporting tissues, most commonly in the pelvic region.

Common types include uterine prolapse, vaginal vault prolapse, cystocele (bladder protrusion into the vagina), enterocele, and rectal prolapse.

Causes involve childbirth and aging, but also obesity, chronic cough or constipation, heavy lifting, and connective tissue disorders.

Symptoms may include a vaginal bulge or pelvic pressure, worsened by standing or coughing, urinary or bowel symptoms, and discomfort.

Diagnosis relies on pelvic examination; imaging such as ultrasound or MRI, defecography, or cystoscopy can aid complex cases.

Management ranges from conservative measures—pelvic floor exercises, pessaries, and treatment of contributing factors—to surgery, including pelvic floor repair or suspensions.

Outcomes vary; recurrence is possible. Prevention focuses on strengthening the pelvic floor, managing constipation, maintaining healthy weight, and avoiding heavy lifting.