Pressando

Pressando is a musical term that indicates a gradual increase in tempo. It is derived from the Italian word "pressare," meaning to press or hasten. Composers use pressando to build excitement or tension within a piece of music, often leading into a more significant musical event or a change in mood. It is the opposite of ritardando, which signifies a gradual decrease in tempo.

While both terms indicate a change in speed, pressando is about accelerating the pace, whereas ritardando is about slowing it down. The degree of acceleration can vary, and composers may use other markings in conjunction with pressando to specify the exact nature of the tempo change. For instance, a composer might write "pressando poco a poco," meaning to gradually press on little by little. The effect of pressando can significantly alter the emotional impact of a musical passage, transforming a calm section into one of urgency or exhilaration. Its application is a fundamental technique in musical expression, allowing performers to shape the flow and intensity of the music.