Portfoliomenetelmä

Portfoliomenetelmä, often translated as the portfolio method or portfolio approach, is a concept used in various fields, particularly in finance, project management, and strategic planning. It refers to the practice of managing a collection of individual assets, projects, or investments as a unified whole to achieve specific objectives.

In finance, the portfolio method is fundamental to modern investment theory. Investors construct portfolios of stocks, bonds, and other securities, aiming to balance risk and return. Diversification across different asset classes and industries is a key principle, as it helps to mitigate the impact of poor performance in any single investment. The goal is to create a portfolio that aligns with the investor's risk tolerance, time horizon, and financial goals.

Within project management, the portfolio method involves selecting, prioritizing, and managing a group of projects that collectively support an organization's strategic objectives. This approach allows organizations to allocate resources effectively, ensure alignment with business strategy, and maximize the overall value derived from their project investments. Decisions about which projects to undertake, continue, or terminate are made based on their potential contribution to the organization's goals.

In strategic planning, the portfolio method can be applied to analyze and manage a company's different business units or product lines. Tools like the BCG matrix, for example, categorize business units based on market share and market growth rate, helping companies decide where to invest, divest, or maintain resources to optimize their overall business portfolio. The underlying principle across all these applications is that managing a collection of elements collectively can lead to better outcomes than managing each element in isolation.