Polymenorrhoea

Polymenorrhoea is a term used to describe menstrual cycles that are shorter than normal. Typically, a menstrual cycle is considered to be around 21 to 35 days from the first day of one period to the first day of the next. In cases of polymenorrhoea, the time between periods is less than 21 days. This can lead to more frequent menstrual bleeding.

The causes of polymenorrhoea can vary and are often related to hormonal imbalances. Ovulatory dysfunction, where ovulation does not occur regularly or at all, is a common underlying factor. Other potential causes include luteal phase defects, which involve a short or inadequate luteal phase after ovulation. Stress, significant weight changes, excessive exercise, and certain medical conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or thyroid disorders can also contribute to shorter menstrual cycles.

Symptoms of polymenorrhoea include having periods more often than is typical. While the frequency of periods is the defining characteristic, some individuals might also experience lighter bleeding or experience symptoms associated with ovulation more frequently. Diagnosis usually involves a medical history, a physical examination, and sometimes hormonal blood tests to assess hormone levels and ovulation status. Ultrasound scans may also be used.

Treatment for polymenorrhoea depends on the underlying cause. If hormonal imbalances are identified, hormone therapy, such as progesterone supplementation or oral contraceptives, may be prescribed to regulate the menstrual cycle. Lifestyle modifications, such as managing stress, achieving a healthy weight, and moderating exercise, can also be beneficial. In cases where polymenorrhoea is caused by underlying medical conditions, treating those conditions is essential.