Polylactates

Polylactates, often abbreviated as PLA, are a group of biodegradable and biocompatible polyesters derived from renewable resources such as corn starch, sugarcane, or cassava. The primary monomer used in their production is lactic acid. PLA is a thermoplastic polymer, meaning it can be melted and molded repeatedly. It is synthesized through the polymerization of lactic acid or its cyclic dimer, lactide. The properties of polylactate can be tailored by controlling factors such as the molecular weight, stereochemistry (the arrangement of the chiral centers in the lactic acid units), and copolymer composition.

PLA exhibits good mechanical properties, including stiffness and tensile strength, making it suitable for a variety of applications. Its biodegradability is a significant advantage, allowing it to decompose in industrial composting facilities into carbon dioxide and water. This environmental friendliness has driven its adoption as an alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Common uses for polylactates include food packaging, disposable cutlery, 3D printing filaments, medical implants, and sutures. The production process is relatively energy-efficient compared to some other plastics. Research continues to improve PLA's properties, such as its heat resistance and barrier performance, to expand its range of applications further.