Polüfenoolne

Polüfenoolne refers to a class of chemical compounds found in plants that contain multiple phenolic units. These compounds are widely distributed in the plant kingdom and are known for their antioxidant properties. The structure of polyphenols is diverse, with various subclasses including flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and lignans. Flavonoids are perhaps the most abundant and well-studied group, encompassing compounds like quercetin, kaempferol, and anthocyanins. Phenolic acids, such as gallic acid and caffeic acid, are also common.

Polyphenols play significant roles in plant physiology, acting as pigments, UV protectants, and defense mechanisms against pathogens and herbivores. In human nutrition, they are consumed through various foods and beverages like fruits, vegetables, tea, coffee, wine, and chocolate. Their presence in the diet is often associated with potential health benefits, largely attributed to their ability to neutralize free radicals and reduce oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is implicated in the development of various chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Research into the specific health effects of different polyphenols is ongoing, with some studies suggesting anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and cardioprotective properties. The bioavailability and metabolic fate of polyphenols in the human body can vary considerably, influencing their ultimate impact.