Pohjalliset

Pohjalliset, the Finnish term for insoles, are inserts placed inside footwear to provide cushioning, support, and comfort. They may be removable or built into the shoe, and they are designed to improve fit and reduce foot strain.

There are several types: basic foam or fabric insoles offer padding; arch-support or orthotic insoles are contoured to support arches and align the foot; plus specialized versions such as gel, silicone, cork, and memory-foam insoles for shock absorption or diabetic foot care. Over-the-counter insoles can be trimmed to shoe size; custom-made orthotics are prescribed by a professional.

Functions include cushioning, shock absorption, pressure redistribution, improving foot alignment, and relieving conditions such as plantar fasciitis, metatarsalgia, or flat feet. Insufficiently fitted insoles can cause discomfort or blisters, so proper sizing and periodic replacement are important.

Manufacture and care: removable insoles can be replaced independently, while built-in insoles are part of the shoe. To extend life, clean according to material guidelines and air-dry away from heat. Replace insoles typically every six to twelve months depending on wear, foot condition, and activity level. Some insoles can be trimmed to fit shoes.

In footwear history, insoles have long been used to improve comfort and function, with modern varieties emphasizing orthotics and activity-specific performance.