Podpisem

Podpisem is the instrumental singular form of the noun podpis, meaning “signature,” in Polish and Czech. In both languages, podpisem denotes the instrument or means by which an action is performed, specifically the signature used to authenticate or authorize a document. The form is common in formal, administrative, and legal language, where a document may be described as being signed “with a signature” or “by signature.”

Etymology and form

The word podpisem comes from podpis (signature) with the instrumental suffix -em. The underlying noun podpis derives from a Slavic root related to writing, with pod- contributing a sense of position or method. The spelling podpisem is identical in Polish and Czech, though pronunciation differs between the languages.

Usage and context

In both Polish and Czech, podpisem is used to indicate the instrument of signing in formal statements and documents. It commonly appears in legal, administrative, or bureaucratic contexts to specify that a document has been signed and thus authenticated by a signature. In Czech, a typical construction might be “dokument byl podepsán podpisem” (the document was signed with a signature). In Polish, similar phrasing can occur in official texts describing how documents were authenticated or approved.

Relation to related terms

Podpisem is closely related to the noun podpis (signature) and to verbs such as podpisywać/podpisac (to sign). It also appears in fixed phrases where the signature functions as the means of validation or authorization.

See also

Podpis

Podpisem opatrzony (a phrase indicating something bears a signature)