Pitkäaaltinen

Pitkäaaltinen is a Finnish term that translates to "long-wave" or "long wavelength" in English. It is commonly used in physics and radio communication to describe electromagnetic radiation within a specific range of frequencies and wavelengths.

In the context of electromagnetic waves, long waves fall into the low-frequency portion of the radio spectrum. These waves have wavelengths that are typically tens of kilometers to hundreds of kilometers long, corresponding to frequencies from around 30 kilohertz (kHz) to 300 kHz. This range is distinct from medium waves, short waves, and microwaves, which have progressively shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies.

Long waves are known for their ability to travel long distances, often following the curvature of the Earth. This characteristic makes them suitable for certain broadcasting applications, particularly for communication over vast geographical areas where other methods might be less effective or economical. Historically, long waves were used for early radio broadcasting and maritime communication due to their reliability and coverage.

While less common for typical everyday broadcasting in many parts of the world today compared to medium and short waves, long waves still find use in specialized applications. These can include time signal transmissions, navigation systems, and some forms of industrial heating. The physical properties of long waves, such as their penetration through certain materials and their interaction with the ionosphere, dictate their specific applications.