Picador

Picador is a horse-mounted bullfighter in a traditional Spanish bullfight. In the first phase, known as the tercio de varas, the picador uses a long spear called a vara to weaken the bull by targeting the muscles above the shoulder. The aim is to lower the bull’s head and reduce its ability to lift and charge, making the later stages of the corrida safer for the matador and other toreros.

Equipment and role: The picador rides a heavily armored horse and wears protective gear. The horse’s armor shields it from the bull’s horns during the charge. The spear is used to penetrate the bull’s neck muscles, with the rider aiming for controlled impact. The picador is typically followed by banderilleros who assist in managing the bull and may place banderillas in subsequent stages.

Regional practice and controversy: The picador’s role is part of traditional bullfighting in Spain and many Latin American countries, including Mexico, Colombia, and Peru. Bullfighting practices, including the use of picadors, are subject to regional regulation and have become the focus of ongoing animal welfare debates. In some jurisdictions the activities are restricted or banned altogether, reflecting broader cultural and ethical considerations.

Etymology and history: The term picador comes from the Spanish picar, meaning to sting or pierce. The role developed as part of the evolution of the corrida de toros in the early modern period and remains a recognizable element of the spectacle in places where bullfighting continues.