Phanoxa

Phanoxa is a rare mineral species notable for its iridescent, pleochroic crystals and distinctive optical properties. It forms in hydrothermal veins within granitic and metamorphic rocks and is commonly found alongside magnetite, quartz, and sulfide minerals. The mineral is described as a complex phosphate-silicate with substantial solid-solution, leading to color variation from blue-green to violet as trace elements such as chromium and manganese are incorporated.

Discovery and naming: Phanoxa was first described in 1987 by geologist Mina Koro in the Kestrel Range. The name is derived from Greek roots related to visibility of light, reflecting its photoluminescent behavior under ultraviolet illumination.

Occurrence: Localities for Phanoxa are limited, with specimens reported from only a few regions in North and Central ranges. It typically occurs in narrow hydrothermal veins and is often associated with quartz, magnetite, and sulfide minerals.

Crystallography and physical properties: Phanoxa crystallizes in a monoclinic system and commonly forms prismatic to tabular crystals up to several centimeters in length. It has a Mohs hardness of approximately 6 to 6.5 and an estimated density around 3.2 to 3.4 g/cm3. Optical properties include strong pleochroism and luminescence under UV light, which aids in identification.

Formation: It develops under moderate hydrothermal temperatures with access to phosphorus and silica-bearing fluids, suggesting formation conditions that balance silicate networks with phosphate mobility.

Uses and significance: Due to its rarity, Phanoxa is primarily of interest to mineral collectors and researchers studying mineral optics and hydrothermal processes. While it has potential for photonic research, no industrial applications have been established.