Peräys

Peräys is a Finnish term that describes a specific type of sailing maneuver. It translates roughly to "backing" or "sternway" in English, referring to the action of making a sailing vessel move backward or sideways under sail. This is typically achieved by adjusting the sails and rudder to harness the wind in a way that propels the boat in reverse.

The maneuver is not a primary mode of sailing but is rather a tactical or corrective action. Peräys can be used to avoid a collision, to maneuver in tight spaces like harbors or narrow channels, or to get out of a difficult situation, such as being aground. It requires skill and a good understanding of wind dynamics and sail trim.

While seemingly counterintuitive, peräys is a valid technique in a sailor's repertoire. It involves using the sails to create a backward push, often by backing one or more sails or by adjusting the angle of the mainsail. The rudder is then used to steer the vessel in the desired backward or sideways direction. Mastering peräys allows a sailor greater control and flexibility in challenging sailing conditions.