Personallisuushäiriö

Personallisuushäiriö refers to a group of mental health conditions characterized by long-standing, pervasive, and inflexible patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving that deviate markedly from societal expectations. These patterns typically emerge during adolescence or early adulthood and persist throughout life, causing significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) categorizes personality disorders into three clusters based on symptom similarities. Cluster A includes paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders, often associated with odd or eccentric behaviors. Cluster B encompasses antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders, characterized by dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors. Cluster C disorders, including avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders, are typically marked by anxious or fearful behaviors.

Diagnosis of a personality disorder requires a thorough clinical evaluation by a mental health professional. The cause of personality disorders is believed to be a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. Treatment often involves psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy or dialectical behavior therapy, which aims to help individuals understand their thought patterns and behaviors, develop healthier coping mechanisms, and improve their interpersonal relationships. In some cases, medication may be used to manage co-occurring symptoms like anxiety or depression.