Peroksidid

Peroksidid are a class of chemical compounds that contain a single oxygen-oxygen bond, also known as an peroxide bond. This bond is relatively weak, which makes peroxides reactive and often strong oxidizing agents. The simplest and most common peroxide is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a liquid widely used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent. Other organic peroxides, such as benzoyl peroxide, find applications in polymerization processes and as acne treatments. Inorganic peroxides include compounds like sodium peroxide (Na2O2) and barium peroxide (BaO2), which are used in various chemical syntheses and as oxidizers.

The reactivity of peroxides stems from the inherent weakness of the O-O bond, which can readily break to form highly reactive oxygen radicals. This property makes them useful in applications requiring oxidation, such as bleaching of textiles and paper, sterilization of medical equipment, and in some rocket propellants. However, their reactivity also necessitates careful handling and storage, as many peroxides can be explosive or decompose violently, especially when heated or contaminated. The presence of the peroxide bond is a defining characteristic, distinguishing them from other oxygen-containing compounds like oxides or ozonides.