Perkutní

Perkutní is a term used in Czech medical language to denote procedures, access routes, or techniques that penetrate the skin to reach internal tissues or structures. It is synonymous with the English term percutaneous and is commonly applied in interventional radiology, oncology, nephrology, and surgery to distinguish minimally invasive, skin-penetrating approaches from open or surgical methods.

In clinical practice, perkutní procedures are typically guided by imaging and aim to minimize tissue disruption. Perkutní biopsie involves obtaining tissue samples through the skin with a needle, often under CT or ultrasound guidance. Perkutní drenáž uses catheters inserted through the skin to drain fluid collections or abscesses. Perkutní punkce refers to puncture through the skin to access a fluid or cavity for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. More complex interventions, such as perkutní angioplastika or other catheter-based treatments, also occur via transcutaneous entry, using imaging guidance to reach vascular or other targets.

The advantages of perkutní methods include reduced invasiveness, shorter recovery times, and suitability for patients who may not tolerate open surgery. Risks are mainly related to the skin entry point and nearby structures and can include infection, bleeding, injury to adjacent organs, or pneumothorax, depending on the procedure and location. Proper patient selection, imaging guidance, and sterile technique are essential to minimize complications.

Etymology traces the term to Latin percutaneus, meaning through the skin. In Czech medical literature, perkutní is frequently contrasted with open surgical approaches and with transcutaneous techniques that do not breach the skin.