Perinataalisia

Perinataalisia refers to the period surrounding childbirth. It encompasses the time from the 22nd week of gestation, when a fetus is considered viable, up to the first seven completed days of the newborn's life. This critical period is characterized by significant physiological and psychological transitions for both the mother and the infant. Perinatal health is a key focus in public health, aiming to ensure the well-being of mothers and babies during this vulnerable phase.

Issues arising during the perinatal period can include complications of pregnancy such as pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and infections, as well as challenges during labor and delivery like preterm birth, birth injuries, and fetal distress. For the newborn, common concerns include prematurity, low birth weight, respiratory problems, and jaundice. Maternal mental health is also a crucial aspect of perinatal care, with conditions like perinatal depression and anxiety requiring attention.

Effective perinatal care involves a multidisciplinary approach, including obstetricians, midwives, pediatricians, nurses, and mental health professionals. Regular prenatal check-ups, skilled delivery assistance, and postnatal follow-up are essential for identifying and managing potential risks. Support for breastfeeding, infant nutrition, and early childhood development are also integral components of comprehensive perinatal services. Global initiatives aim to reduce perinatal mortality and morbidity through improved access to quality maternal and newborn healthcare.