Peraea

Peraea is a geographical and historical region in the Holy Land, located east of the Jordan River. The name "Peraea" is derived from the Greek word *peran*, meaning "beyond" or "on the other side," referring to its position relative to Judea and Samaria. It corresponds to the biblical territories of Gilead and Bashan.

The region is generally characterized by hilly terrain and is traversed by various wadis and streams that flow westward into the Jordan River. Historically, Peraea was inhabited by various groups, including the Amorites, and later came under Israelite rule. During the Second Temple period, it was an important part of the Jewish kingdom, particularly under the Hasmoneans.

Peraea played a significant role in the life of Jesus, who is described as having ministered in this region. The Gospels mention him crossing the Jordan River from Galilee into Peraea and returning. Many of his teachings and miracles are recorded as having taken place there. The population of Peraea at that time was predominantly Jewish, though Hellenistic influences were also present.

Following the Roman conquest, Peraea became part of the Roman province of Judea. It experienced periods of prosperity and conflict, including involvement in the First Jewish-Roman War. After the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, the Jewish population in Peraea gradually diminished, and the region saw shifts in its demographic and political landscape throughout subsequent centuries. Today, the area is primarily located within the modern-day Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.