Pelágioss

Pelagius was a theologian who lived in the late 4th and early 5th centuries. He was of British or Irish origin and became known for his teachings on free will, divine grace, and original sin. Pelagius emphasized human responsibility and the ability of individuals to choose good and follow God's commandments through their own efforts, aided by God's grace which he viewed as the natural faculties bestowed upon humanity at creation, including reason and free will.

His views were particularly influential in Rome, where he attracted followers. However, his doctrines were strongly opposed by Augustine of Hippo, who argued for the necessity of prevenient grace and the doctrine of original sin, asserting that humanity inherited a sinful nature from Adam. Augustine's theological arguments eventually gained prominence within the Church.

The teachings attributed to Pelagius, known as Pelagianism, were eventually condemned as heresy by several church councils, most notably the Council of Ephesus in 431 AD. While Pelagius himself seems to have died before this council, his theological system was officially rejected by mainstream Christianity. The debate surrounding Pelagianism significantly shaped Christian doctrines concerning sin, grace, and salvation.