Patana

Patana refers to a type of grassland or open country found in Sri Lanka. These areas are typically characterized by a mosaic of grasses, shrubs, and scattered trees, often situated on undulating terrain. The term is derived from the Sinhalese word for "plain" or "field." Patanas are not uniform and can vary in their vegetation composition and density depending on factors such as rainfall, soil type, and historical land use patterns.

The ecosystem of a patana supports a diverse range of flora and fauna. Grass species are dominant, providing sustenance for various herbivores. These can include endemic deer species, wild boar, and smaller mammals. Birdlife is also abundant, with many species adapted to the open grassland environment. Reptiles and insects also thrive in these habitats.

Historically, patanas have been utilized for various purposes. They have served as grazing lands for livestock and have been cleared for small-scale agriculture, particularly in areas where larger-scale cultivation is not feasible. Traditional farming methods have often been integrated with the natural patana landscape.

The ecological significance of patanas is considerable, contributing to biodiversity and providing vital habitats. They also play a role in watershed management, influencing water flow and soil retention. Conservation efforts in Sri Lanka sometimes focus on protecting and restoring patana ecosystems, recognizing their unique environmental value and the threats they face from encroachment and land degradation. The term can sometimes be used more broadly to describe open, uncultivated land, but its primary association is with the specific grassland ecosystems of Sri Lanka.