Passiivkomponente

Passiivkomponente are fundamental electronic components that do not generate power but rather consume, store, or dissipate it. Unlike active components such as transistors or operational amplifiers, passive components cannot amplify a signal. Their behavior is described by fundamental electrical laws and they are essential building blocks in almost all electronic circuits.

The most common types of passive components include resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Resistors are designed to impede the flow of electric current, with their resistance measured in ohms. Capacitors store electrical energy in an electric field and are characterized by their capacitance, measured in farads. Inductors store energy in a magnetic field and are defined by their inductance, also measured in henries.

These components are characterized by their linear or non-linear behavior. Linear passive components, such as ideal resistors, capacitors, and inductors, have a relationship between voltage and current that is directly proportional and independent of signal amplitude. Non-linear passive components, while less common in basic explanations, can exhibit more complex relationships.

Passive components are used in a vast array of applications, from simple filters and timing circuits to complex power supplies and signal processing systems. Their reliability, predictability, and ease of use make them indispensable in electronics design. They are also often more robust and less susceptible to damage from overvoltage or current compared to active components. The selection of appropriate passive components is crucial for achieving desired circuit performance and stability.