Passfotos

Passfotos are standardized photographs used for official identity documents such as passports, national IDs, and visas. They must meet country-specific rules regarding size, background, and photo quality, and are required by many governmental procedures.

Sizes and formats vary by country. In the European Union and many other regions, the common size is 35 x 45 millimeters, with a portrait orientation. In the United States, the standard is 2 x 2 inches. Digital submissions are increasingly common, often in JPEG format with a minimum resolution such as 600 x 600 pixels, and color photographs are typically required.

Common requirements apply to most passfotos: a neutral facial expression with mouth closed and eyes open, facing the camera directly; no hats or head coverings unless for religious or medical reasons; no sunglasses or excessive facial accessories; a plain, light-colored background with no patterns or shadows on the face; clothing should not obscure the face or blend with the background; the photo should show the full head and shoulders.

Technical guidelines include even, diffuse lighting to avoid shadows, no reflections on glasses, and a centered composition. The subject’s head height and distance from the camera must fit specified proportions, so the face occupies an appropriate portion of the frame.

Practical aspects: photos can be taken by professional studios, photo booths, or at home if the guidelines are followed. They should be recent, typically within six months, and meet whether printed photos for in-person applications or digital uploads for online submissions.

Variations exist for minors, elderly applicants, or individuals with medical or religious considerations. Always consult the issuing authority’s official guidelines for the exact requirements.