Paratransit

Paratransit is a transportation service designed to assist individuals with disabilities who cannot use standard fixed-route public transit. It is commonly provided by municipal or regional transit agencies and funded through a combination of public funds and rider fares. In many countries, paratransit is regulated as a complement to fixed-route services, especially after disability rights legislation such as the Americans with Disabilities Act in the United States.

Paratransit services are typically demand-responsive and operate as door-to-door or curb-to-curb transportation. Trips are usually scheduled in advance and may be restricted to a defined service area near fixed-route lines and operating hours. Vehicles are typically accessible and staffed to assist riders with mobility devices.

Eligibility is determined by the transit agency through an assessment process to determine whether a person cannot use fixed-route transit with reasonable safety and independence. Some programs also serve older adults or people with cognitive or sensory impairments.

Common characteristics include reservation-based booking, standardized fares, and policies regarding trip purpose, trip length, and waiting times. Service may be provided on weekdays, evenings, weekends, and holidays depending on local policy and demand.

Paratransit is designed to be a complement to fixed-route transit, not a substitute for all riders. Challenges include funding, coverage gaps, and the need to balance service quality with rising operating costs.