Paraphraseren

Paraphraseren is the process of restating a text or passage in different words while preserving its core meaning and information. It is used to clarify text, integrate sources into one's own writing, or adapt material for a different audience or context. In Dutch, the verb is commonly written as paraphraseren or parafraseren, reflecting the broader English-origin term paraphrase.

In practice, paraphrasing involves rewriting the original idea with new wording and sentence structure, rather than copying the phrasing. The goal is to convey the same facts, arguments, or conclusions while avoiding a close mimicry of the source’s wording. Paraphrasing is a standard tool in academic writing, journalism, education, and translation, where information from sources must be presented in a reader-friendly or domain-appropriate form.

Effective paraphrasing relies on several techniques: changing vocabulary to suitable synonyms, altering sentence order and syntax, and adjusting tone or level of detail to fit the target audience. It is important to maintain the original intent and factual content, including nuance and emphasis, and to distinguish paraphrase from direct quotation, which uses the source’s exact words. When paraphrasing, attribution through citation is typically required to acknowledge the source material.

Ethical considerations are central to paraphrasing. Improper paraphrasing—such as reproducing a source too closely or failing to cite a source—can constitute plagiarism. Good practice includes reading the source, writing a version from memory, then comparing it to the original to ensure a faithful yet original restatement, followed by proper quotation or citation as appropriate.