Paramagneettisilla

Paramagneettisilla refers to paramagnetic materials. Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism that occurs only in the presence of an external magnetic field. In paramagnetic materials, the individual atoms or molecules possess permanent magnetic dipole moments. However, in the absence of an external field, these moments are randomly oriented due to thermal motion, resulting in no net magnetization.

When an external magnetic field is applied, these atomic magnetic dipoles tend to align themselves with the direction of the field. This alignment creates a net magnetic moment in the material, leading to a weak attraction towards the external magnetic field. The magnetization of a paramagnetic material is directly proportional to the strength of the applied magnetic field and inversely proportional to the absolute temperature. This relationship is described by the Curie law.

Paramagnetic materials are generally weak magnets and lose their magnetism when the external field is removed. Examples of common paramagnetic substances include aluminum, platinum, oxygen, and many rare earth elements. Unlike ferromagnetic materials, paramagnets do not retain any residual magnetism. Their magnetic properties are a result of unpaired electrons in the atomic or molecular structure, which give rise to permanent magnetic moments. The degree of paramagnetism depends on the number of unpaired electrons and their interaction with the external field.