Panaji

Panaji, also known as Panjim, is the capital city of the Indian state of Goa and the administrative headquarters of North Goa district. It sits on the left (north) bank of the Mandovi River on Goa’s western coast and serves as the state’s political and administrative center.

History and layout

Panaji became the capital of Portuguese Goa in 1843, when government offices were shifted from Old Goa to the new city. After Goa’s incorporation into India in 1961, Panaji remained the capital of the union territory and later the state. The city features a historic core, including the Latin Quarter of Fontainhas with its narrow streets and colorful Portuguese-era houses, alongside modern districts along the riverfront.

Landmarks and culture

Notable sites in and around Panaji include the Church of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, a prominent baroque church perched near the city center, and the Mandovi River promenade. The city preserves a blend of colonial architecture and Goan culture, with markets, cafes, and waterfront views contributing to its character as a tourism hub.

Governance and economy

Panaji houses key government offices, including the Goa High Court and the Secretariat. The economy is driven by government services and tourism, with many visitors basing themselves in the city to explore Goa’s beaches and historic towns.

Transport and climate

Panaji is connected by road via National Highway 66 and local transit networks, with the Dabolim Airport (GOI) situated several kilometers away. The region experiences a tropical monsoon climate, with mild winters, hot summers, and a heavy rainy season. Official languages include Konkani, with English and Marathi widely used.