PESPHPSPH

PESPHPSPH is a hybrid approach in smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) intended to combine energy-conserving SPH formulations with pressure-based corrections to improve stability and accuracy in simulations with strong density contrasts and complex interfaces. The exact interpretation of the acronym varies, but implementations typically fuse elements from ESPH (energy-conserving SPH variants) and PSPH (Pressure-Entropy SPH) or related pressure-stabilization techniques.

SPH is a mesh-free, Lagrangian method for fluid dynamics. ESPH emphasizes robust energy conservation, while PSPH refines how pressure and entropy are computed to reduce spurious surface tension at contact discontinuities and improve instability growth. PESPHPSPH blends these ideas by using an energy-consistent formulation for the pressure forces and a stabilized pressure-entropy term, often along with corrected density estimates and dissipation controls such as artificial viscosity and conductivity.

Applications span computational astrophysics, planetary formation, and engineering problems involving free-surface or multiphase flows, where accurate energy budgets and pressure forces are essential. Reported advantages include better energy conservation, improved handling of Kelvin-Helmholtz and other instabilities, and reduced unphysical surface tension. Limitations involve higher computational cost, increased algorithmic complexity, and the absence of a universal standardization or broad benchmarking.

See also SPH; ESPH; PSPH; computational fluid dynamics.