Oxypogon

Oxypogon is a genus of orchids found in the Andes mountains of South America. These small, terrestrial orchids are characterized by their distinctive helmet-shaped lip and a prominent, often colorful, appendage. The genus is native to high-altitude regions, typically above 2500 meters, where they grow in rocky outcrops, grasslands, and mossy environments. Oxypogon species are epiphytic or lithophytic, meaning they grow on other plants or rocks, but are not parasitic. Their leaves are generally narrow and strap-like, and their flowers are borne on erect stems. The coloration of the flowers can vary widely, including shades of white, pink, purple, and green, often with intricate patterns. Pollination is thought to be carried out by insects. The genus was first described in 1877. Currently, there are a few recognized species within the genus, though taxonomic classifications can sometimes vary. These orchids are adapted to cooler climates and require good air circulation and well-draining substrate. Due to their specialized habitat and relatively small populations, some Oxypogon species may be vulnerable to habitat loss and climate change.