Overfladeelektroder

Overfladeelektroder, often referred to as surface electrodes, are electrical contacts designed to interface with the surface of a conductive material or biological tissue. They are commonly used in a variety of applications, including medical diagnostics, scientific research, and industrial monitoring. Unlike invasive electrodes that penetrate the skin or material, surface electrodes make contact solely with the outermost layer.

In medical contexts, surface electrodes are primarily employed for the non-invasive recording of electrical activity from the body. Electrocardiography (ECG) uses surface electrodes placed on the skin to monitor heart activity. Similarly, electroencephalography (EEG) utilizes surface electrodes on the scalp to record brainwave patterns. Electromyography (EMG) uses surface electrodes to detect and analyze electrical signals from muscles. These electrodes are typically made of conductive materials like silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) and are often used with a conductive gel or paste to ensure good electrical contact and minimize impedance.

Beyond medical applications, surface electrodes find use in industrial settings for measuring electrical properties of materials or for non-destructive testing. In research, they can be used for various experiments involving electrical stimulation or recording from surfaces. The design and material of surface electrodes are tailored to the specific application, considering factors such as conductivity, biocompatibility, adhesion, and signal quality requirements. Their ease of use and non-invasive nature make them a prevalent choice in many fields.