Osinkojen

Osinko (dividend) is a distribution of a portion of a company's earnings to its shareholders, typically payable in cash or stock. The genitive plural osinkojen refers to multiple such distributions. Dividends are usually proposed by the company's board of directors and approved by shareholders or required by corporate governance rules. They are typically paid from profits or reserves, and may take different forms, including cash dividends, stock dividends, or special dividends outside the regular schedule.

Cash dividends provide direct income to investors, while stock dividends issue additional shares rather than cash. Special dividends are irregular distributions that occur outside the normal dividend policy, often in response to unusual earnings or asset sales. Some jurisdictions may also recognize other forms of distribution, such as property dividends.

Dividend policy reflects a company's approach to returning value to shareholders versus retaining earnings for growth. A stable, predictable payout is common among mature firms with steady cash flow, while growth-oriented companies may retain more capital for reinvestment and pay lower dividends. The payout ratio, aiming to balance these objectives, influences capital structure and share price dynamics.

In financial markets, dividends are announced in advance and have related dates, including the ex-dividend date and the payment date. On the ex-dividend date, the stock typically trades without the right to the upcoming dividend, and the share price often adjusts downward by an amount close to the dividend. Tax treatment of dividends varies by jurisdiction, affecting both individual and corporate investors.

Overall, osinkojen are a central component of many investors' income strategies and a key consideration in corporate finance and valuation.