Orðaskriftin

Orðaskriftin, meaning "word writing" or "letter writing," is a historical Icelandic practice involving the creation and dissemination of written letters and documents. While not a formal institution, it encompasses the broader concept of written communication in Iceland, particularly from the medieval period onwards. Orðaskriftin played a crucial role in administration, law, and personal correspondence, facilitating the management of a relatively dispersed population across the island.

During the Viking Age and into the medieval period, Icelandic sagas and historical texts often allude to the importance of written messages, even if many of these were ephemeral. Later, as society became more structured, orðaskriftin gained prominence in legal and administrative contexts. Official decrees, land charters, and legal judgments were recorded and circulated, ensuring consistency and the enforcement of laws.

Personal correspondence was also a significant aspect of orðaskriftin. Letters exchanged between family members, friends, and acquaintances provide valuable insights into social customs, economic activities, and daily life in Iceland. These private documents, though less commonly preserved than official ones, offer a more intimate glimpse into the past. The development of a literate population, even if limited to certain social strata, was essential for the practice of orðaskriftin to flourish and to serve its various functions within Icelandic society.