Oryzoborus

Oryzoborus is a genus of birds in the family Thraupidae, commonly known as seedeaters. These birds are native to South America and are typically found in grasslands, savannas, and agricultural areas. The genus name Oryzoborus derives from Greek and Latin words meaning "rice eater," reflecting their diet, which primarily consists of grass seeds, particularly rice.

Species within the Oryzoborus genus are generally small to medium-sized passerine birds. They often exhibit sexual dimorphism, with males and females displaying different plumage colors and patterns. Males are frequently characterized by black and white or dark brown and white coloration, while females tend to be more uniformly drab brown. Their beaks are typically conical and stout, adapted for crushing seeds.

Several species are recognized within this genus, including the large-billed seedeater (Oryzoborus crassirostris) and the great-billed seedeater (Oryzoborus maximiliani). These birds are often found in pairs or small flocks. Their vocalizations can vary, with some species known for their melodic songs. Conservation statuses for Oryzoborus species range from least concern to endangered, with habitat loss and agricultural practices posing significant threats to some populations. They play a role in their ecosystems by consuming seeds and potentially aiding in seed dispersal.