Orthopnoea

Orthopnoea is a medical term that refers to the difficulty in breathing that occurs when lying down. It is often associated with certain respiratory conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and heart failure. The term is derived from the Greek words "orthos," meaning straight or upright, and "pnoia," meaning breath.

The primary cause of orthopnoea is the increased work of breathing required to maintain adequate ventilation when lying down. This can lead to a sensation of shortness of breath, which may be exacerbated by anxiety or fear of not being able to breathe. Orthopnoea can also be a symptom of other underlying conditions, such as fluid buildup in the lungs or chest, which can restrict breathing.

Treatment for orthopnoea depends on the underlying cause. For example, patients with COPD may benefit from bronchodilators or pulmonary rehabilitation. Those with heart failure may require diuretics or other medications to reduce fluid buildup. In some cases, lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding triggers for asthma or maintaining a healthy weight, may also be helpful.

Orthopnoea can significantly impact a patient's quality of life, making it important to seek medical attention if symptoms are persistent or worsening. A healthcare provider can help determine the underlying cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan.