Orkaanid

Orkaanid, also known as cyclones or typhoons depending on the region, are large, rotating storm systems characterized by a low-pressure center and strong winds that spiral inward. These powerful weather phenomena form over warm ocean waters, typically in tropical or subtropical regions. The energy for an orkaan comes from the heat released when moist air rises and condenses into clouds and rain.

The structure of an orkaan is distinct, featuring an "eye" at its center – a calm, clear area with the lowest atmospheric pressure. Surrounding the eye is the eyewall, a ring of intense thunderstorms where the strongest winds and heaviest rainfall occur. Beyond the eyewall are spiral rainbands that extend outwards, containing more rain and gusty winds.

Orkaanid are classified based on their wind speed using scales like the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale in the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific. When these storms make landfall, they can cause widespread devastation through high winds, torrential rain leading to flooding, and storm surge – an abnormal rise of sea level. Precautions are essential when an orkaan is forecast, including evacuation orders and securing property. The formation and intensity of orkaanid are influenced by factors such as sea surface temperature and atmospheric conditions, and their behavior is closely monitored by meteorologists.